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Wednesday, April 18. 2007Historical Revisionism in Germany?Posted by Joerg Wolf in German Politics on Wednesday, April 18. 2007
Tyler Cowen, professor of economics at George Mason University, criticizes in his blog Marginal Revolution a "disturbing, trend in contemporary German culture to whitewash the past."
Prof. Cowen took the Oscar winning movie The Lives of Others about the system of observation in former East Germany as an example: "The film shows many small acts of defiance against the Stasi, as if to redeem an otherwise sorry East German record." He also expresses his dislike of the Sophie Scholl movie: "Last year -- fortunately I cannot remember the title -- we were shown the German martyrs against the Nazis." He stresses that his friends consider him "a cultural Germanophile (I could do "My Favorite Things German" for weeks), but I tend to be a cynic about the blacker historical episodes in the German past." Quite a few of his readers disagree strongly with Prof Cowen's statements on the movie and his comments on "whitewashing the past." The Atlantic Review wrote about the Lives of Others and posted the trailer. • Last week, the state premier of Baden-Württemberg Günther Oettinger came under fire for praising his predecessor in a eulogy as an opponent of the Nazi regime, although Mr. Filbinger actually was a Nazi judge, who personally signed death sentences for soldiers deserting Hitler's army late in World War II. Mr. Oettinger has now "saved his political skin" by backing down from his original statement, writes DW World. I think the fact that Mr. Oettinger did not get away with his attempt to rewrite history, indicates that historical revisionism does not have a chance of succeeding in Germany. Related: Sign and Sight has translated Arno Widmann's article in the Frankfurter Rundschau: "The fine art of whitewashing" • John Rosenthal, an American journalist living in France, wrote about "Germany and Historical Revisionism" in his Transatlantic Intelligencer blog in 2005 and took the Neue Wache memorial as an example: After Reunification, in 1993, the Neue Wache was re-opened as the “Central Memorial of the Federal Republic of Germany”. The inscription had been changed. Instead of the “Victims of Fascism and Militarism”, it is now dedicated to the “Victims of War and Tyranny [Gewaltherrschaft]”. The substitution of “Tyranny” for “Fascism” served to establish an equivalence between the Nazi regime and the Communist regime of East Germany. The substitution of “War” for “Militarism” served to evade the question of responsibility: notably, of German responsibility for the Second World War and hence for the carnage it entailed.He concluded: Although it is true that when Chancellor Schröder and President Köhler lay their wreaths before the Kollwitz Pietà they paid tribute to the victims of Nazi crimes, this is only part of the truth. They also – silently, without having to say any words that might provoke unease outside of Germany – paid tribute to many of the perpetrators of those crimes.Personal comment: I don't notice a fundamental historical revisionism in Germany. I think that the past is commemorated rather than rewritten. There is still a lot of Vergangenheitsbewältigung in Germany, i.e. a sort of a reflective "coming to terms with the past." German history is part of every debate about sending German troops abroad. Recognitition of German victims of the second world war is more prominent now than before, but there is not more to it. Though, maybe Tyler Cowen and John Rosenthal are right, and I am just too biased and blinded to recognize the revisionism in Germany... What do you think, dear readers? Trackbacks
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Pat Patterson
- #1 - 2007-04-18 03:03 - (Reply)
I know its only one blog but for up to date historical revisionism try EuroYank. Comments ()
JW-Atlantic Review
- #1.1 - 2007-04-18 10:30 - (Reply)
I like the Matrix stuff on that website best. Comments ()
Zyme
- #2 - 2007-04-18 10:06 - (Reply)
There is no revisionism going on here at all. This claim is simply a desperate measurement in trying to keep germans from gaining a more neutral point of view on the past and pursuing our interests actively again in the 21st century. Comments ()
SarahS
- #3 - 2007-04-18 11:24 - (Reply)
Contrary to what Zyme says, I think that a certain amount of revisionism is necessary in Germany so that new generations can move [url=http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=260091083175765]forward[/url]. It can and must occur so that the grandsons and granddaughters who had nothing to do with these events can pursue their own interests with a blank, or at least neutral, slate. Comments ()
Zyme
- #3.1 - 2007-04-18 11:59 - (Reply)
Maybe we have a different understanding of the term "revisionism". For example as long as the EU exists, there will hardly be any plans of re-claiming east-Prussia, Schlesia and Alsace-Lorraine. Comments ()
Bill L
- #3.1.1 - 2007-04-18 21:23 - (Reply)
Yes, which reminds to ask why the occupiers of east-Prussia, Schlesia and Alsace-Lorraine don't have to give that land back? Comments ()
Zyme
- #3.1.1.1 - 2007-04-19 11:10 - (Reply)
That is easy: We are pursuing our interests via the EU today. The biggest partner in a Union always has the biggest influence. Why change Europe with force if you can do so without firing a single shot? :) Comments ()
Don S
- #3.2 - 2007-04-18 15:40 - (Reply)
Revision is a normal part of the historical process. New generations of historians bring new viewpoints (and new explanations) to bodies of historical data. They may even dig up new facts or get access to records previously kept secret. Comments ()
2020
- #4 - 2007-04-18 12:31 - (Reply)
1985, President Reagan defended his visit to Bitburg (a military cemetery housing Nazi soldiers) by claiming the German soldiers "were victims, just as surely as the victims in the concentration camps." Comments ()
Pat Patterson
- #5 - 2007-04-18 14:02 - (Reply)
I think Zyme has confused revanchism, the demand that those areas of Poland be returned as national policy. While revisionism would tend to see that seizure as an undeserved outcome of the war. Comments ()
David
- #6 - 2007-04-18 14:54 - (Reply)
Tyler Cowen is completely off base in his criticism of The Lives of Others. The film shows how insidious the East German regime was in attempting to control everyone, even cooercing the cooperation of opponents, like the central female character - in the film, the actress Christa-Marie Sieland - who is forced to betray her own husband. I don't see any revisionism at all. (BTW, everyone NEEDS to see this film). Comments ()
Fuchur
- #6.1 - 2007-04-18 22:01 - (Reply)
Spot on. Comments ()
EuroYank
- #7 - 2007-04-18 17:39 - (Reply)
I think EuroYank's blog is the best example of Historical revisionism on the net. His in depth research, and attention to detail is a masterpiece. EuroYank is numero uno, and he makes the the historical standard look like what it is - propaganda. A great job EuroYank! Comments ()
Bill L
- #8 - 2007-04-18 20:43 - (Reply)
I don't know about Cohen, but Rosenthal is certainly right. Responsibility was never owned. It was all dumped on the Nazis. Comments ()
Fuchur
- #8.1 - 2007-04-18 22:38 - (Reply)
You mean of course Pontius Pilate, not Caiaphas /smartellek off. Comments ()
Bill L
- #8.1.1 - 2007-04-19 09:53 - (Reply)
No, I mean what I said. It was the high priest Caiaphas' idea that one man should die for the sin of the whole people. Economical solution. That's why they went to Pilate. They were throwing a scrap to the dog who was about to release the soldiers on the whole city. They blamed Jesus for the unrest. I'm an atheist and I know that. What's your excuse? Comments ()
Bill L
- #8.1.1.1 - 2007-04-19 10:31 - (Reply)
I forgot to mention something crucial. Europeans DO have to reform. You can't ever be happy again until you know you are no longer like that. That's redemption. It means Europeans have STOP DOING IT. Comments ()
Volker
- #8.1.1.2 - 2007-04-19 10:36 - (Reply)
We don't own our History? Comments ()
Fuchur
- #8.1.1.3 - 2007-04-19 17:16 - (Reply)
So Jesus was just a pawn sacrifice from Caiaphas to appease the Romans?! Well: no. Actually, it's the other way around: Pilate sentenced Jesus to death in order to appease the angry mob that Caiaphas had incited. And... whatever, just read it up. Comments ()
Bill L
- #8.1.1.3.1 - 2007-04-21 22:18 - (Reply)
Don't put words in my mouth. Comments ()
Pat Patterson
- #9 - 2007-04-18 21:36 - (Reply)
And as usual EuroYank has a tin ear for sarcasm and grammar. Comments ()
Markus
- #10 - 2007-04-18 23:34 - (Reply)
"He also stresses that his friends consider him "a cultural Germanophile" Comments ()
EuroYank
- #11 - 2007-04-20 19:43 - (Reply)
In Israel today, in the USA today and in every country where genocide is committed be it against Palestinians, or Vietnamese or all over Africa, the West is strangely silent. Comments ()
GM Roper
- #12 - 2007-04-20 19:45 - (Reply)
Joerg, great post; interesting info with a really good discussion. I'm somewhat aghast however at those that wish to pin the holocaust on any German born say after 1930, children living during the Nazi Regime had nothing to do with the decisions of Hitler and company. Even those "forced" into the Hitler Jugend cannot be held accountable for their actions as they were under the age of majority. Does the record need to stand as written (sans new additional information? Of course it does, but if all of Germany wishes to dissassociate itself from the trepidations of the Nazi's, who can blame them? Comments ()
Fuchur
- #12.1 - 2007-04-20 22:51 - (Reply)
As a German born long after 1945, I have never felt the need to apologize for the Nazi crimes. I've always felt that a person is only responsible for his/her own actions. What's more, I'd even consider it somewhat inappropriate, "grandstanding", as you put it in your article: What's my authority to issue such an apology? And I see a danger here: Because assuming all the responsibility for this great terrible evil in a way makes you yourself "great" - and, being fraught with it, you can now also claim a greater amount of wisdom and experience. Comments ()
Bill L
- #12.2 - 2007-04-21 21:27 - (Reply)
Who demanded an apology? Read again. You read an awful lot of invisible ink. Comments ()
JW-Atlantic Review
- #12.2.1 - 2007-04-21 22:03 - (Reply)
"Europeans need to get out of denial, in which they blame other people, Nazis only," Comments ()
Bill L
- #12.2.1.1 - 2007-04-21 22:59 - (Reply)
Glad you mentioned Darfur. Back when Secretary of State Colin Powell and the UN Secretary general went there to focus world attention on the genocide a few years ago, we were preparing to establish a no-fly zone that would immediately stop the killing. Comments ()
JW-Atlantic Review
- #12.2.1.1.1 - 2007-04-21 23:31 - (Reply)
I don't care what Chirac might have said. I wonder why the US cares. Comments ()
JW-Atlantic Review
- #12.2.1.1.2 - 2007-04-21 23:34 - (Reply)
@ Bill Comments ()
EuroYank
- #13 - 2007-04-20 20:12 - (Reply)
and Pat Robertson I purposely misspelled a few words so you would have something to squak about. But I wish to thank you for mentioning my site. For a guy that wears a dress and uses makeup, and has homosexual tendencies I do owe you a debt of gratitude and will not make any remarks regarding your personal demeanor which I disaprove of. Please try to keep a civil tongue when you respond to this post. Comments ()
Bill L
- #14 - 2007-04-21 21:39 - (Reply)
"For a guy that wears a dress and uses makeup, and has homosexual tendencies I do owe you a debt of gratitude...." Comments ()
ADMIN
- #15 - 2007-04-21 22:03 - (Reply)
Please note that by default the comments in this blog are threaded rather than linear, i.e. some of the latest responses to comments are not at the bottom, but in the middle of the thread right behind the comment they respond to. Comments ()
EuroYank
- #16 - 2007-04-22 09:24 - (Reply)
Reply to JW-Atlantic Review Comments ()
Zyme
- #16.1 - 2007-04-22 11:59 - (Reply)
You should be more careful what you write online - at least if you intend to visit Germany :P Comments ()
EuroYank
- #16.1.1 - 2007-04-22 22:19 - (Reply)
Zyme very wise of you to notice BUT, as you know the Americans fought a civil war (1861-1865) and the Yankees won and according to Abe Lincoln slavery was ended. Even after Malcolm X, and Martin Luther King, and John F Kennedy, and Robert Kennedy were assassinated, slavery was not ended in the 1960's in the USA, but the USA claims it is a FREE country under its constitution and all its people are created equal. Just look at Katrina and the promises 50 billion dollars reconstruction, the (corrupt CRACKER:WHITE TRASH)state of Lousianna is holding the money and building 300 thousand dollars luxury homes to prevent the homeless blacks from returning and rebuilding with FEDERAL money that NEVER ARRIVED. Comments ()
mbast
- #17 - 2007-04-22 19:20 - (Reply)
Very interesting topic. And one you can't really comprehend unless you happen to live in Germany. Why? Because nazi Germany is a constant in the German psyche. Most Germans I know will always, always check their actions against their cultural and political conscience with a special check for any trace of Nazi ideology. It's got nothing to do with "having a bad conscience", since there are not many Germans still around who really had a part in these events. However, it does have to do with a perception that Germany as a whole has a specific responsibility to make sure events like these will never be repeated. Comments ()
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